{"id":44768,"date":"2025-10-16T07:02:48","date_gmt":"2025-10-16T07:02:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/youzum.net\/toward-llm-supported-automated-assessment-of-critical-thinking-subskills\/"},"modified":"2025-10-16T07:02:48","modified_gmt":"2025-10-16T07:02:48","slug":"toward-llm-supported-automated-assessment-of-critical-thinking-subskills","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/youzum.net\/fr\/toward-llm-supported-automated-assessment-of-critical-thinking-subskills\/","title":{"rendered":"Toward LLM-Supported Automated Assessment of Critical Thinking Subskills"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>arXiv:2510.12915v1 Announce Type: cross<br \/>\nAbstract: Critical thinking represents a fundamental competency in today&#8217;s education landscape. Developing critical thinking skills through timely assessment and feedback is crucial; however, there has not been extensive work in the learning analytics community on defining, measuring, and supporting critical thinking. In this paper, we investigate the feasibility of measuring core &#8220;subskills&#8221; that underlie critical thinking. We ground our work in an authentic task where students operationalize critical thinking: student-written argumentative essays. We developed a coding rubric based on an established skills progression and completed human coding for a corpus of student essays. We then evaluated three distinct approaches to automated scoring: zero-shot prompting, few-shot prompting, and supervised fine-tuning, implemented across three large language models (GPT-5, GPT-5-mini, and ModernBERT). GPT-5 with few-shot prompting achieved the strongest results and demonstrated particular strength on subskills with separable, frequent categories, while lower performance was observed for subskills that required detection of subtle distinctions or rare categories. Our results underscore critical trade-offs in automated critical thinking assessment: proprietary models offer superior reliability at higher cost, while open-source alternatives provide practical accuracy with reduced sensitivity to minority categories. Our work represents an initial step toward scalable assessment of higher-order reasoning skills across authentic educational contexts.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>arXiv:2510.12915v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Critical thinking represents a fundamental competency in today&#8217;s education landscape. Developing critical thinking skills through timely assessment and feedback is crucial; however, there has not been extensive work in the learning analytics community on defining, measuring, and supporting critical thinking. In this paper, we investigate the feasibility of measuring core &#8220;subskills&#8221; that underlie critical thinking. We ground our work in an authentic task where students operationalize critical thinking: student-written argumentative essays. We developed a coding rubric based on an established skills progression and completed human coding for a corpus of student essays. We then evaluated three distinct approaches to automated scoring: zero-shot prompting, few-shot prompting, and supervised fine-tuning, implemented across three large language models (GPT-5, GPT-5-mini, and ModernBERT). GPT-5 with few-shot prompting achieved the strongest results and demonstrated particular strength on subskills with separable, frequent categories, while lower performance was observed for subskills that required detection of subtle distinctions or rare categories. Our results underscore critical trade-offs in automated critical thinking assessment: proprietary models offer superior reliability at higher cost, while open-source alternatives provide practical accuracy with reduced sensitivity to minority categories. Our work represents an initial step toward scalable assessment of higher-order reasoning skills across authentic educational contexts.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"pmpro_default_level":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"_pvb_checkbox_block_on_post":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[52,5,7,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-44768","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ai-club","category-committee","category-news","category-uncategorized","pmpro-has-access"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Toward LLM-Supported Automated Assessment of Critical Thinking Subskills - YouZum<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e40\u0e01\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e27\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e42\u0e14\u0e23\u0e19\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/youzum.net\/fr\/toward-llm-supported-automated-assessment-of-critical-thinking-subskills\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Toward LLM-Supported Automated Assessment of Critical Thinking Subskills - YouZum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e40\u0e01\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e27\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e42\u0e14\u0e23\u0e19\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/youzum.net\/fr\/toward-llm-supported-automated-assessment-of-critical-thinking-subskills\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"YouZum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/DroneAssociationTH\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-10-16T07:02:48+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin NU\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin NU\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/youzum.net\/toward-llm-supported-automated-assessment-of-critical-thinking-subskills\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/youzum.net\/toward-llm-supported-automated-assessment-of-critical-thinking-subskills\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"admin NU\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/yousum.gpucore.co\/#\/schema\/person\/97fa48242daf3908e4d9a5f26f4a059c\"},\"headline\":\"Toward LLM-Supported Automated Assessment of Critical Thinking Subskills\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-10-16T07:02:48+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/youzum.net\/toward-llm-supported-automated-assessment-of-critical-thinking-subskills\/\"},\"wordCount\":215,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/yousum.gpucore.co\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"AI\",\"Committee\",\"News\",\"Uncategorized\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/youzum.net\/toward-llm-supported-automated-assessment-of-critical-thinking-subskills\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/youzum.net\/toward-llm-supported-automated-assessment-of-critical-thinking-subskills\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/youzum.net\/toward-llm-supported-automated-assessment-of-critical-thinking-subskills\/\",\"name\":\"Toward LLM-Supported Automated Assessment of Critical Thinking Subskills - YouZum\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/yousum.gpucore.co\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2025-10-16T07:02:48+00:00\",\"description\":\"\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e40\u0e01\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e27\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e42\u0e14\u0e23\u0e19\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/youzum.net\/toward-llm-supported-automated-assessment-of-critical-thinking-subskills\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/youzum.net\/toward-llm-supported-automated-assessment-of-critical-thinking-subskills\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/youzum.net\/toward-llm-supported-automated-assessment-of-critical-thinking-subskills\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/youzum.net\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Toward LLM-Supported Automated Assessment of Critical Thinking Subskills\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/yousum.gpucore.co\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/yousum.gpucore.co\/\",\"name\":\"YouSum\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/yousum.gpucore.co\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/yousum.gpucore.co\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/yousum.gpucore.co\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Drone Association Thailand\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/yousum.gpucore.co\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/yousum.gpucore.co\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/youzum.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/tranparent-logo.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/youzum.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/tranparent-logo.png\",\"width\":300,\"height\":300,\"caption\":\"Drone Association Thailand\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/yousum.gpucore.co\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/DroneAssociationTH\/\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/yousum.gpucore.co\/#\/schema\/person\/97fa48242daf3908e4d9a5f26f4a059c\",\"name\":\"admin NU\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/yousum.gpucore.co\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/youzum.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/avatars\/2\/1746849356-bpfull.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/youzum.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/avatars\/2\/1746849356-bpfull.png\",\"caption\":\"admin NU\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/youzum.net\/fr\/members\/adminnu\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Toward LLM-Supported Automated Assessment of Critical Thinking Subskills - YouZum","description":"\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e40\u0e01\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e27\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e42\u0e14\u0e23\u0e19","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/youzum.net\/fr\/toward-llm-supported-automated-assessment-of-critical-thinking-subskills\/","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Toward LLM-Supported Automated Assessment of Critical Thinking Subskills - YouZum","og_description":"\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e40\u0e01\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e27\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e42\u0e14\u0e23\u0e19","og_url":"https:\/\/youzum.net\/fr\/toward-llm-supported-automated-assessment-of-critical-thinking-subskills\/","og_site_name":"YouZum","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/DroneAssociationTH\/","article_published_time":"2025-10-16T07:02:48+00:00","author":"admin NU","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u00c9crit par":"admin NU","Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e":"1 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/youzum.net\/toward-llm-supported-automated-assessment-of-critical-thinking-subskills\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/youzum.net\/toward-llm-supported-automated-assessment-of-critical-thinking-subskills\/"},"author":{"name":"admin NU","@id":"https:\/\/yousum.gpucore.co\/#\/schema\/person\/97fa48242daf3908e4d9a5f26f4a059c"},"headline":"Toward LLM-Supported Automated Assessment of Critical Thinking Subskills","datePublished":"2025-10-16T07:02:48+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/youzum.net\/toward-llm-supported-automated-assessment-of-critical-thinking-subskills\/"},"wordCount":215,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/yousum.gpucore.co\/#organization"},"articleSection":["AI","Committee","News","Uncategorized"],"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/youzum.net\/toward-llm-supported-automated-assessment-of-critical-thinking-subskills\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/youzum.net\/toward-llm-supported-automated-assessment-of-critical-thinking-subskills\/","url":"https:\/\/youzum.net\/toward-llm-supported-automated-assessment-of-critical-thinking-subskills\/","name":"Toward LLM-Supported Automated Assessment of Critical Thinking Subskills - YouZum","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/yousum.gpucore.co\/#website"},"datePublished":"2025-10-16T07:02:48+00:00","description":"\u0e01\u0e34\u0e08\u0e01\u0e23\u0e23\u0e21\u0e40\u0e01\u0e35\u0e48\u0e22\u0e27\u0e01\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e42\u0e14\u0e23\u0e19","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/youzum.net\/toward-llm-supported-automated-assessment-of-critical-thinking-subskills\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/youzum.net\/toward-llm-supported-automated-assessment-of-critical-thinking-subskills\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/youzum.net\/toward-llm-supported-automated-assessment-of-critical-thinking-subskills\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/youzum.net\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Toward LLM-Supported Automated Assessment of Critical Thinking Subskills"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/yousum.gpucore.co\/#website","url":"https:\/\/yousum.gpucore.co\/","name":"YouSum","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/yousum.gpucore.co\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/yousum.gpucore.co\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/yousum.gpucore.co\/#organization","name":"Drone Association Thailand","url":"https:\/\/yousum.gpucore.co\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/yousum.gpucore.co\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/youzum.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/tranparent-logo.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/youzum.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/tranparent-logo.png","width":300,"height":300,"caption":"Drone Association Thailand"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/yousum.gpucore.co\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/DroneAssociationTH\/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/yousum.gpucore.co\/#\/schema\/person\/97fa48242daf3908e4d9a5f26f4a059c","name":"admin NU","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/yousum.gpucore.co\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/youzum.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/avatars\/2\/1746849356-bpfull.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/youzum.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/avatars\/2\/1746849356-bpfull.png","caption":"admin NU"},"url":"https:\/\/youzum.net\/fr\/members\/adminnu\/"}]}},"rttpg_featured_image_url":null,"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"admin NU","author_link":"https:\/\/youzum.net\/fr\/members\/adminnu\/"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":"<a href=\"https:\/\/youzum.net\/fr\/category\/ai-club\/\" rel=\"category tag\">AI<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/youzum.net\/fr\/category\/committee\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Committee<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/youzum.net\/fr\/category\/news\/\" rel=\"category tag\">News<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/youzum.net\/fr\/category\/uncategorized\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Uncategorized<\/a>","rttpg_excerpt":"arXiv:2510.12915v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Critical thinking represents a fundamental competency in today&#8217;s education landscape. Developing critical thinking skills through timely assessment and feedback is crucial; however, there has not been extensive work in the learning analytics community on defining, measuring, and supporting critical thinking. In this paper, we investigate the feasibility of measuring core\u2026","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/youzum.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44768","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/youzum.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/youzum.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/youzum.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/youzum.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=44768"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/youzum.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44768\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/youzum.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=44768"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/youzum.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=44768"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/youzum.net\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=44768"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}